| Source | Target | | Vaccination against hev>epatitis C is not yev>et availablev>e. | ev>ev>ev>Er is nog gev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en vaccin tev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>epatitis C bev>ev>ev>eschikbaar. |
| Thev>e human immunodev>eficiev>ency virus (HIV) rev>emains onev>e of thev>e most important communicablev>e disev>easev>es in ev>ev>Europev>e. | Hev>ev>ev>et humaan immunodev>ev>ev>eficiëntiev>ev>ev>evirus (hiv) is nog altijd ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en van dev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>elangrijkstev>ev>ev>e ovev>ev>ev>erdraagbarev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>en in ev>ev>ev>Europa. |
| It is an infev>ection associatev>ed with sev>erious disev>easev>e, pev>ersistev>ently high costs of trev>eatmev>ent and carev>e, significant numbev>er of dev>eaths and shortev>enev>ed lifev>e ev>expev>ectancy. | Hev>ev>ev>et is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>epaard gaat mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>ernstigev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e, blijvev>ev>ev>end hogev>ev>ev>e kostev>ev>ev>en voor bev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>eling ev>ev>ev>en zorg, ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en aanziev>ev>ev>enlijk aantal stev>ev>ev>erfgev>ev>ev>evallev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en kortev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e lev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>ensvev>ev>ev>erwachting. |
| HIV is a virus, which attacks thev>e immunev>e systev>em and causev>es a lifev>elong sev>evev>erev>e illnev>ess with a long incubation pev>eriod. | Hiv is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en virus dat hev>ev>ev>et afwev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>ersystev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>em aanvalt ev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en lev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>enslangev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>ernstigev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en langev>ev>ev>e incubatiev>ev>ev>etijd. |
| HIV is sprev>ead by sev>exual contact with an infev>ectev>ed pev>erson, by sharing nev>eev>edlev>es or syringev>es (primarily for drug injev>ection) with somev>eonev>e who is infev>ectev>ed, or, lev>ess commonly (and now vev>ery rarev>ely in countriev>es whev>erev>e blood is screv>eev>enev>ed for HIV antibodiev>es), through transfusions of infev>ectev>ed blood or blood clotting factors. | Hiv wordt vev>ev>ev>ersprev>ev>ev>eid via sev>ev>ev>eksuev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>el contact mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e pev>ev>ev>ersoon, door hev>ev>ev>et dev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en van naaldev>ev>ev>en of injev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>espuitev>ev>ev>en (voornamev>ev>ev>elijk voor hev>ev>ev>et injev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en van drugs) mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e pev>ev>ev>ersoon of – mindev>ev>ev>er vaak (ev>ev>ev>en in landev>ev>ev>en waar bloev>ev>ev>ed op hiv-antilichamev>ev>ev>en wordt gev>ev>ev>etev>ev>ev>est inmiddev>ev>ev>els zev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er zev>ev>ev>eldev>ev>ev>en) – via transfusiev>ev>ev>es mev>ev>ev>et gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd bloev>ev>ev>ed of gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e bloev>ev>ev>edstollingsfactorev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>e ev>end-stagev>e of thev>e infev>ection, acquirev>ed immunodev>eficiev>ency syndromev>e (AIDS), rev>esults from thev>e dev>estruction of thev>e immunev>e systev>em. | Hev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eindstadium van dev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e, 'acquirev>ev>ev>ed immunodev>ev>ev>eficiev>ev>ev>ency syndromev>ev>ev>e' (aids), is hev>ev>ev>et gev>ev>ev>evolg van dev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erniev>ev>ev>etiging van hev>ev>ev>et afwev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>ersystev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>em. |
| AIDS is dev>efinev>ed by thev>e prev>esev>encev>e of onev>e or morev>e “opportunistic” illnev>essev>es (othev>er illnev>essev>es duev>e to dev>ecrev>easev>ed immunity). | Aids wordt gev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>efiniev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd door dev>ev>ev>e aanwev>ev>ev>ezighev>ev>ev>eid van ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en of mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er "opportunistischev>ev>ev>e" ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>en (andev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>en als gev>ev>ev>evolg van vev>ev>ev>ermindev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e afwev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er). |
| ev>ev>Effev>ectivev>e combination thev>erapiev>es, introducev>ed in thev>e mid-1990s and widev>ely usev>ed in industrialisev>ed countriev>es, havev>e had a profound ev>effev>ect on thev>e coursev>e of HIV infev>ection, improving thev>e quality of lifev>e and dev>elaying thev>e onsev>et of AIDS and dev>eath in HIV-infev>ectev>ed individuals. | Dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>effev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>e combinatiev>ev>ev>ebev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>elingev>ev>ev>en diev>ev>ev>e halvev>ev>ev>erwev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>e dev>ev>ev>e jarev>ev>ev>en nev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>entig zijn gev>ev>ev>eïntroducev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd, wordev>ev>ev>en in dev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>eïndustrialisev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e landev>ev>ev>en op grotev>ev>ev>e schaal toev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>epast. Zev>ev>ev>e hev>ev>ev>ebbev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>enorm ev>ev>ev>effev>ev>ev>ect op hev>ev>ev>et bev>ev>ev>eloop van ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en hiv-infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e, vev>ev>ev>erbev>ev>ev>etev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e kwalitev>ev>ev>eit van lev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en vev>ev>ev>ertragev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erstev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en van aids ev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>et ovev>ev>ev>erlijdev>ev>ev>en van mev>ev>ev>et hiv gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e pev>ev>ev>ersonev>ev>ev>en. |
| Howev>evev>er, intolev>erancev>e to sidev>e ev>effev>ects and appev>earancev>e of rev>esistant strains rev>emain causev>es for concev>ern. | Onvev>ev>ev>erdraagbarev>ev>ev>e bijwev>ev>ev>erkingev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>et vev>ev>ev>erschijnev>ev>ev>en van rev>ev>ev>esistev>ev>ev>entev>ev>ev>e stammev>ev>ev>en blijvev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>echtev>ev>ev>er bronnev>ev>ev>en van zorg. |
| Sincev>e thev>eir discovev>ery, antibiotics havev>e rev>evolutionisev>ed thev>e way wev>e trev>eat patiev>ents with bactev>erial infev>ections and havev>e contributev>ed to rev>educing thev>e mortality and morbidity from bactev>erial disev>easev>es. | Sinds hun ontdev>ev>ev>ekking hev>ev>ev>ebbev>ev>ev>en antibiotica ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en rev>ev>ev>evolutiev>ev>ev>e tev>ev>ev>ewev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eggev>ev>ev>ebracht in dev>ev>ev>e maniev>ev>ev>er waarop wev>ev>ev>e patiëntev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>et bactev>ev>ev>eriëlev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>es bev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>ebbev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>e bijgev>ev>ev>edragev>ev>ev>en aan hev>ev>ev>et tev>ev>ev>erugdringev>ev>ev>en van mortalitev>ev>ev>eit ev>ev>ev>en morbiditev>ev>ev>eit als gev>ev>ev>evolg van bactev>ev>ev>eriëlev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>ey arev>e also an ev>essev>ential tool for modev>ern mev>edicinev>e and common procev>edurev>es such as transplants, chev>emothev>erapy for cancev>er and ev>evev>en orthopaev>edic surgev>ery could not bev>e pev>erformev>ed without thev>e availability of potev>ent antibiotics. | Zev>ev>ev>e zijn ook ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en onmisbaar instrumev>ev>ev>ent voor dev>ev>ev>e modev>ev>ev>ernev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>enev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eskundev>ev>ev>e: algev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en toev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>epastev>ev>ev>e procev>ev>ev>edurev>ev>ev>es als transplantatiev>ev>ev>es, chev>ev>ev>emothev>ev>ev>erapiev>ev>ev>e bij kankev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>elfs orthopev>ev>ev>edischev>ev>ev>e chirurgiev>ev>ev>e zoudev>ev>ev>en niev>ev>ev>et kunnev>ev>ev>en wordev>ev>ev>en uitgev>ev>ev>evoev>ev>ev>erd zondev>ev>ev>er dev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>eschikbaarhev>ev>ev>eid van krachtigev>ev>ev>e antibiotica. |
| Antibiotics arev>e oftev>en unnev>ecev>essarily prev>escribev>ed for viral infev>ections, against which thev>ey havev>e no ev>effev>ect. | Zo wordev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>e dikwijls nodev>ev>ev>eloos voorgev>ev>ev>eschrev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>en voor virusinfev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>es, waartev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>e niev>ev>ev>et wev>ev>ev>erkev>ev>ev>en. |
| Similarly whev>en diagnosev>es arev>e not accuratev>ely madev>e, morev>e oftev>en than not, broad-spev>ectrum antibiotics, i.ev>e. antibiotics that kill a largev>e proportion of various bactev>eria and not only thev>e bactev>eria rev>esponsiblev>e for thev>e disev>easev>e, arev>e prev>escribev>ed bev>ecausev>e thev>e micro-organism rev>esponsiblev>e for thev>e infev>ection is not known. | Ook wannev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>er gev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en nauwkev>ev>ev>eurigev>ev>ev>e diagnosev>ev>ev>e wordt gev>ev>ev>estev>ev>ev>eld omdat niev>ev>ev>et bev>ev>ev>ekev>ev>ev>end is wev>ev>ev>elk micro-organismev>ev>ev>e dev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt, wordev>ev>ev>en vakev>ev>ev>er wev>ev>ev>el dan gev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en brev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>edspev>ev>ev>ectrumantibiotica voorgev>ev>ev>eschrev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>en, d.w.z. antibiotica diev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en groot dev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>el van dev>ev>ev>e divev>ev>ev>ersev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriën dodev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en niev>ev>ev>et allev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e voor dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erantwoordev>ev>ev>elijkev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriën. |
| Thev>esev>e ev>examplev>es of misusev>e promotev>e thev>e ev>emev>ergev>encev>e and thev>e sev>elev>ection of rev>esistant bactev>eria. | Dev>ev>ev>ergev>ev>ev>elijkev>ev>ev>e voorbev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eldev>ev>ev>en van misbruik bev>ev>ev>evordev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>et vev>ev>ev>erschijnev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e sev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e van rev>ev>ev>esistev>ev>ev>entev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriën. |
| Considev>ering thev>e mev>echanisms bev>ehind thev>e ev>emev>ergev>encev>e of AMR, thev>e stratev>egy to fight it is rathev>er straightforward: | Gev>ev>ev>eziev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>echanismev>ev>ev>en achtev>ev>ev>er hev>ev>ev>et optrev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>en van antimicrobiëlev>ev>ev>e rev>ev>ev>esistev>ev>ev>entiev>ev>ev>e, is dev>ev>ev>e stratev>ev>ev>egiev>ev>ev>e om dev>ev>ev>ezev>ev>ev>e tev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>estrijdev>ev>ev>en nogal simpev>ev>ev>el: |
| Anthrax is a zoonotic disev>easev>e (could bev>e transfev>errev>ed from animals to humans) causev>ed by thev>e sporev>e-producing bactev>erium Bacillus anthracis. | Miltvuur is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en zoönosev>ev>ev>e (infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>eziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>e van diev>ev>ev>er op mev>ev>ev>ens kan ovev>ev>ev>ergaan) diev>ev>ev>e wordt vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt door dev>ev>ev>e sporev>ev>ev>envormev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriev>ev>ev>e Bacillus anthracis. |
| Rev>esev>ervoirs arev>e grass-ev>eating animals, and thev>e sporev>es can survivev>e in thev>e ev>environmev>ent for dev>ecadev>es. | Grasev>ev>ev>etev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en zijn hev>ev>ev>et rev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>ervoir ev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e sporev>ev>ev>en kunnev>ev>ev>en tiev>ev>ev>entallev>ev>ev>en jarev>ev>ev>en in hev>ev>ev>et miliev>ev>ev>eu ovev>ev>ev>erlev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>e disev>easev>e is ev>endev>emic in sev>evev>eral rev>egions of thev>e world, including southev>ern and ev>eastev>ern ev>ev>Europev>e. | Dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e is in vev>ev>ev>erschillev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e rev>ev>ev>egio's van dev>ev>ev>e wev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>eld ev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>emisch (inhev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>ems), ondev>ev>ev>er mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er in Zuid- ev>ev>ev>en Oost-ev>ev>ev>Europa. |
| Humans may acquirev>e thev>e infev>ection aftev>er ev>exposurev>e to sporev>es, and symptoms appev>ear onev>e to sev>evev>en days (up to 60 days) latev>er. | Mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en kunnev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd rakev>ev>ev>en na blootstev>ev>ev>elling aan sporev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en trev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en tot zev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>en dagev>ev>ev>en (tot wev>ev>ev>el 60 dagev>ev>ev>en) latev>ev>ev>er op. |
| Clinical prev>esev>entations includev>e skin anthrax, lung anthrax, (with 75% dev>eath ratev>e) and gastrointev>estinal forms (that may progrev>ess to blood infev>ection and dev>eath). | Klinischev>ev>ev>e prev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>entatiev>ev>ev>es zijn ondev>ev>ev>er mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er huidmiltvuur, longmiltvuur (mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en stev>ev>ev>erftev>ev>ev>ecijfev>ev>ev>er van 75 %) ev>ev>ev>en darmmiltvuur (dat kan lev>ev>ev>eidev>ev>ev>en tot bloev>ev>ev>edvev>ev>ev>ergiftiging ev>ev>ev>en ovev>ev>ev>erlijdev>ev>ev>en). |
| Antibiotic trev>eatmev>ent is ev>effev>ectivev>e if givev>en at an ev>early stagev>e. | Bev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>eling mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en antibioticum is ev>ev>ev>effev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>ef als dit in ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en vroev>ev>ev>eg stadium wordt toev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>epast. |
| Protev>ectivev>e ev>equipmev>ent must bev>e usev>ed by workev>ers. | Mev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>ewev>ev>ev>erkev>ev>ev>ers moev>ev>ev>etev>ev>ev>en bev>ev>ev>eschev>ev>ev>ermev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e uitrusting gev>ev>ev>ebruikev>ev>ev>en. |
| Vaccination of ev>exposev>ed animals and humans is rev>equirev>ed. | Vaccinatiev>ev>ev>e van blootgev>ev>ev>estev>ev>ev>eldev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en is noodzakev>ev>ev>elijk. |
| Anthrax-rev>elatev>ed biotev>errorist threv>eats havev>e bev>eev>en invev>estigatev>ed in ev>ev>Europev>e. | In ev>ev>ev>Europa zijn aan antrax gev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>elatev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e biotev>ev>ev>erroristischev>ev>ev>e drev>ev>ev>eigingev>ev>ev>en ondev>ev>ev>erzocht. |
| Thev>e agev>ent was not confirmev>ed, but a prev>eparev>ednev>ess and rev>esponsev>e programmev>e for attacks by biological and chev>emical agev>ents (BICHAT) was dev>evev>elopev>ed in 2002 by thev>e ev>ev>Europev>ean Commission. | Aanwev>ev>ev>ezighev>ev>ev>eid van dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>erwev>ev>ev>ekkev>ev>ev>er wev>ev>ev>erd niev>ev>ev>et bev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>estigd, maar in 2002 hev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eft dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>Europev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>e Commissiev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en programma ontwikkev>ev>ev>eld voor paraathev>ev>ev>eid ev>ev>ev>en maatrev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en in gev>ev>ev>eval van aanslagev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>et biologischev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en chev>ev>ev>emischev>ev>ev>e stoffev>ev>ev>en (BICHAT). |
| Influev>enza is an acutev>e infev>ectious disev>easev>e of thev>e rev>espiratory tract causev>ed by thev>e influev>enza virus which occurs in threv>eev>e typev>es: | Griev>ev>ev>ep (influev>ev>ev>enza) is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en acutev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>eziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e van dev>ev>ev>e luchtwev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>en vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt door hev>ev>ev>et influev>ev>ev>enzavirus diev>ev>ev>e driev>ev>ev>e typev>ev>ev>en kev>ev>ev>ent: |
| Thev>esev>e arev>e dividev>ed into thosev>e of high and low pathogev>enicity according to thev>e sev>evev>erity of infev>ection in birds. | Dev>ev>ev>ezev>ev>ev>e zijn ondev>ev>ev>ervev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eld in virussev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en hoog ev>ev>ev>en virussev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en laag ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>erwev>ev>ev>ekkev>ev>ev>end vev>ev>ev>ermogev>ev>ev>en, naargev>ev>ev>elang van dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>ernst van dev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e bij vogev>ev>ev>els. |
| Sincev>e 1997 a nev>ew and morev>e dev>eadly strain of highly pathogev>enic avian influev>enza virus (A/H5N1) has appev>earev>ed in domev>estic poultry and humans, initially in southev>ern China whev>erev>e thev>e first human-to-human transmission took placev>e. | Sinds 1997 is ev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en niev>ev>ev>euwev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en dodev>ev>ev>elijkev>ev>ev>er stam van hev>ev>ev>et zev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er ziev>ev>ev>ekmakev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e aviairev>ev>ev>e-influev>ev>ev>enzavirus (A/H5N1) opgev>ev>ev>edokev>ev>ev>en ondev>ev>ev>er pluimvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en, voor hev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erst in zuidev>ev>ev>elijk China, waar dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erstev>ev>ev>e ovev>ev>ev>erdracht van mev>ev>ev>ens op mev>ev>ev>ens plaatsvond. |
| Aftev>er 2003, influev>enza A/H5N1 appev>earev>ed in many Asian countriev>es causing hugev>e outbrev>eaks in birds and a small numbev>er of sev>evev>erev>e human infev>ections, almost ev>entirev>ely among pev>eoplev>e with closev>e contacts with domev>estic poultry. | Na 2003 vev>ev>ev>erschev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en influev>ev>ev>enza A/H5N1 in ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en groot aantal Aziatischev>ev>ev>e landev>ev>ev>en, waar ev>ev>ev>enormev>ev>ev>e uitbrakev>ev>ev>en ondev>ev>ev>er vogev>ev>ev>els ev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en klev>ev>ev>ein aantal ev>ev>ev>ernstigev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>es bij dev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>ens optradev>ev>ev>en, vrijwev>ev>ev>el uitsluitev>ev>ev>end bij mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en diev>ev>ev>e direv>ev>ev>ect mev>ev>ev>et pluimvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e in aanraking kwamev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>erev>e havev>e bev>eev>en a fev>ew ev>examplev>es of pev>erson-to-pev>erson transmissions but no furthev>er sprev>ead. | ev>ev>ev>Er is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en klev>ev>ev>ein aantal voorbev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eldev>ev>ev>en van ovev>ev>ev>erdracht van mev>ev>ev>ens op mev>ev>ev>ens, maar niev>ev>ev>et van vev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>ersprev>ev>ev>eiding. |
| This A/H5N1 group has shown itsev>elf to bev>e unusually stablev>e for an avian influev>enza strain and has sprev>ead among birds in two wavev>es, thev>e sev>econd of which took it out of south and south-ev>east Asia to ev>ev>Europev>e and Africa through migratory birds and tradev>e. | Dev>ev>ev>ezev>ev>ev>e A/H5N1-groev>ev>ev>ep blijkt ongev>ev>ev>ewoon stabiev>ev>ev>el voor ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en aviairev>ev>ev>e-influev>ev>ev>enzastam ev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eft zich in twev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e golvev>ev>ev>en ondev>ev>ev>er vogev>ev>ev>els vev>ev>ev>ersprev>ev>ev>eid, waarvan dev>ev>ev>e twev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>e zich via trev>ev>ev>ekvogev>ev>ev>els ev>ev>ev>en handev>ev>ev>elsvev>ev>ev>erkev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er hev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eft vev>ev>ev>erplaatst van Zuidoost-Azië naar ev>ev>ev>Europa ev>ev>ev>en Afrika. |
| Thev>e virus is poorly adaptev>ed to humans who arev>e difficult to infev>ect ev>excev>ept at high dosev>es. | Hev>ev>ev>et virus is slev>ev>ev>echt aangev>ev>ev>epast aan mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en, diev>ev>ev>e moev>ev>ev>eilijk tev>ev>ev>e infev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en zijn bev>ev>ev>ehalvev>ev>ev>e bij grotev>ev>ev>e dosev>ev>ev>es van hev>ev>ev>et virus. |
| Howev>evev>er, thev>erev>e is gev>enev>erally no transmission from onev>e human to anothev>er. | In hev>ev>ev>et algev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en is ev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>echtev>ev>ev>er gev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en sprakev>ev>ev>e van ovev>ev>ev>erdracht van mev>ev>ev>ens op mev>ev>ev>ens. |
| Botulism is a sev>erious paralytic illnev>ess causev>ed by a nev>ervev>e toxin producev>ed by thev>e bactev>erium Clostridium botulinum. | Botulismev>ev>ev>e is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>ernstigev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>epaard gaat mev>ev>ev>et vev>ev>ev>erlammingsvev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en wordt vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt door ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>enuwgif dat door dev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriev>ev>ev>e Clostridium botulinum wordt gev>ev>ev>eproducev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd. |
| Thev>e disev>easev>e may occur aftev>er ev>eating foods containing thev>e toxin or duev>e to dev>evev>elopmev>ent of thev>e sporev>es within thev>e intev>estinev>e of young childrev>en or within wounds. | Dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e kan optrev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>en na hev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>etev>ev>ev>en van voev>ev>ev>edsev>ev>ev>el dat hev>ev>ev>et gif bev>ev>ev>evat, of door dev>ev>ev>e ontwikkev>ev>ev>eling van sporev>ev>ev>en in hev>ev>ev>et darmkanaal van klev>ev>ev>einev>ev>ev>e kindev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en of in wondev>ev>ev>en. |
| Food botulism is thev>e dominating form of thev>e disev>easev>e, and paralytic symptoms gev>enev>erally appev>ear aftev>er an incubation pev>eriod of 12–36 hours (up to sev>evev>eral days) aftev>er consumption of thev>e toxin-containing food. | Voev>ev>ev>edsev>ev>ev>elbotulismev>ev>ev>e is dev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>est voorkomev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e vorm van dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e. Na ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en incubatiev>ev>ev>etijd van 12–36 uur (tot wev>ev>ev>el ev>ev>ev>enkev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>e dagev>ev>ev>en) na dev>ev>ev>e innamev>ev>ev>e van gifbev>ev>ev>evattev>ev>ev>end voev>ev>ev>edsev>ev>ev>el doev>ev>ev>en zich in hev>ev>ev>et algev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en vev>ev>ev>erlammingsvev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en voor. |
| Thev>e symptoms may bev>e vev>ery sev>evev>erev>e, and rev>equirev>e intev>ensivev>e-carev>e trev>eatmev>ent and thev>e administration of an anti-toxin. | Dev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en kunnev>ev>ev>en zev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>ernstig zijn ev>ev>ev>en makev>ev>ev>en bev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>eling op ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en intev>ev>ev>ensivev>ev>ev>ecarev>ev>ev>eafdev>ev>ev>eling ev>ev>ev>en toev>ev>ev>ediev>ev>ev>ening van ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en tev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>engif noodzakev>ev>ev>elijk. |
| ev>ev>Evev>en whev>erev>e thev>esev>e arev>e availablev>e, bev>etwev>eev>en 5 and 10 % of thev>e patiev>ents diev>e. | Zev>ev>ev>elfs waar dev>ev>ev>ezev>ev>ev>e maatrev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en voorhandev>ev>ev>en zijn, ovev>ev>ev>erlijdt 5 tot 10 % van dev>ev>ev>e patiëntev>ev>ev>en. |
| Duev>e to thev>e ev>extrev>emev>ely high potev>ency of thev>e toxin, botulism is includev>ed among thev>e potev>ential bio-tev>errorist threv>eats. | Omdat hev>ev>ev>et gif uitev>ev>ev>ermatev>ev>ev>e stev>ev>ev>erk is, bev>ev>ev>ehoort botulismev>ev>ev>e tot dev>ev>ev>e potev>ev>ev>entiëlev>ev>ev>e biotev>ev>ev>erroristischev>ev>ev>e drev>ev>ev>eigingev>ev>ev>en. |
| Brucev>ellosis is an infev>ection causev>ed by Brucev>ella bactev>eria. | Brucev>ev>ev>ellosev>ev>ev>e is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>e wordt vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt door bactev>ev>ev>eriën uit hev>ev>ev>et gev>ev>ev>eslacht Brucev>ev>ev>ella. |
| Thev>e common rev>esev>ervoirs for Brucev>ella bactev>eria that may infev>ect humans arev>e cattlev>e, dogs, shev>eev>ep, goats, and pigs. | Dev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>ebruikev>ev>ev>elijkev>ev>ev>e rev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>ervoirs voor Brucev>ev>ev>ella -bactev>ev>ev>eriën diev>ev>ev>e dev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>ens kunnev>ev>ev>en infev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en, zijn rundvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e, hondev>ev>ev>en, schapev>ev>ev>en, gev>ev>ev>eitev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en varkev>ev>ev>ens. |
| Humans bev>ecomev>e infev>ectev>ed by direv>ect or indirev>ect contact with animals or with contaminatev>ed animal products (including unpastev>eurisev>ed milk and dairy products) or by thev>e inhalation of aev>erosols. | Mev>ev>ev>ensev>ev>ev>en rakev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd door direv>ev>ev>ect of indirev>ev>ev>ect contact mev>ev>ev>et diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en of bev>ev>ev>esmev>ev>ev>ettev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>erlijkev>ev>ev>e productev>ev>ev>en (waarondev>ev>ev>er niev>ev>ev>et-gev>ev>ev>epastev>ev>ev>eurisev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>elk ev>ev>ev>en zuivev>ev>ev>elproductev>ev>ev>en), of door inadev>ev>ev>eming van in dev>ev>ev>e lucht zwev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e dev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eltjev>ev>ev>es. |
| Aftev>er an incubation pev>eriod of fivev>e to 60 days, symptoms may appev>ear ev>eithev>er acutev>ely or insidiously. | Na ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en incubatiev>ev>ev>etijd van 5 tot 60 dagev>ev>ev>en kunnev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>er acuut of gev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>eidev>ev>ev>elijk vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en optrev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>e various symptoms arev>e both gev>enev>eral (fev>evev>er, wev>eaknev>ess, joint pain) and organ-spev>ecific (including infev>ections in thev>e brain infev>ection and hev>eart valvev>es). | Dev>ev>ev>e divev>ev>ev>ersev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en variërev>ev>ev>en van algev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en (koorts, zwaktev>ev>ev>e, gev>ev>ev>ewrichtspijn) tot orgaanspev>ev>ev>ecifiev>ev>ev>ek (waarondev>ev>ev>er infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>es in dev>ev>ev>e hev>ev>ev>ersev>ev>ev>enev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en van dev>ev>ev>e hartklev>ev>ev>eppev>ev>ev>en). |
| Prolongev>ed antibiotic trev>eatmev>ent is usually ev>effev>ectivev>e. | Doorgaans is langdurigev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>ehandev>ev>ev>eling mev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en antibioticum ev>ev>ev>effev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>ef. |
| Control mev>easurev>es includev>e animal vaccination and/or tev>est-and-slaughtev>er of infev>ectev>ed animals, as wev>ell as pastev>eurisation of milk and dairy products. | Bev>ev>ev>estrijdingsmaatrev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en zijn ondev>ev>ev>er mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er vaccinatiev>ev>ev>e van diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en/of tev>ev>ev>estev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en afmakev>ev>ev>en van gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en, ev>ev>ev>en pastev>ev>ev>eurisatiev>ev>ev>e van mev>ev>ev>elk ev>ev>ev>en zuivev>ev>ev>elproductev>ev>ev>en. |
| Campylobactev>eriosis is a diarrhoev>eal disev>easev>e causev>ed by Campylobactev>er bactev>eria, found in animals such as poultry, cattlev>e, pigs, wild birds and wild mammals. | Campylobactev>ev>ev>eriosev>ev>ev>e is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en mev>ev>ev>et diarrev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>epaard gaandev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>e wordt vev>ev>ev>eroorzaakt door bactev>ev>ev>eriën van hev>ev>ev>et gev>ev>ev>eslacht Campylobactev>ev>ev>er. Dev>ev>ev>ezev>ev>ev>e bactev>ev>ev>eriën komev>ev>ev>en voor bij diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en als pluimvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e, rundvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e, varkev>ev>ev>ens, wildev>ev>ev>e vogev>ev>ev>els ev>ev>ev>en wildev>ev>ev>e zoogdiev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en. |
| Othev>er risk factors includev>e swimming in natural surfacev>e-watev>ers and direv>ect contact with infev>ectev>ed animals. | Andev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e risicofactorev>ev>ev>en zijn ondev>ev>ev>er mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>er zwev>ev>ev>emmev>ev>ev>en in natuurlijk oppev>ev>ev>ervlaktev>ev>ev>ewatev>ev>ev>er ev>ev>ev>en rev>ev>ev>echtstrev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>eks contact mev>ev>ev>et gev>ev>ev>eïnfev>ev>ev>ectev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e diev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>en. |
| Aftev>er an incubation pev>eriod of 2–5 days (rangev>e 1–10 days) common symptoms arev>e sev>evev>erev>e abdominal pain, watev>ery and/or bloody diarrhoev>ea and fev>evev>er. | Na ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en incubatiev>ev>ev>etijd van 2–5 dagev>ev>ev>en (sprev>ev>ev>eiding van 1–10 dagev>ev>ev>en) zijn dev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>ebruikev>ev>ev>elijkev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>evigev>ev>ev>e buikpijn, watev>ev>ev>erigev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en/of bloev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>erigev>ev>ev>e diarrev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en koorts. |
| Chikungunya is prev>esev>ent in parts of Africa, Southev>east Asia and on thev>e Indian subcontinev>ent. | Chikungunya komt voor in dev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en van Afrika, in Zuidoost-Azië ev>ev>ev>en op hev>ev>ev>et Indiasev>ev>ev>e subcontinev>ev>ev>ent. |
| Usually, symptoms last for a fev>ew days and thev>e disev>easev>e is sev>elf-limiting but occasionally thev>ey will pev>ersist and rev>esult in hospitalisation. | Gev>ev>ev>ewoonlijk houdev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>enkev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>e dagev>ev>ev>en aan ev>ev>ev>en vev>ev>ev>erdwijnt dev>ev>ev>e ziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e vanzev>ev>ev>elf, maar zo nu ev>ev>ev>en dan houdev>ev>ev>en dev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en langev>ev>ev>er aan waardoor ziev>ev>ev>ekev>ev>ev>enhuisopnamev>ev>ev>e noodzakev>ev>ev>elijk wordt. |
| Campylobactev>er infev>ection has bev>eev>en associatev>ed with complications such as latev>er joint inflammation (5–10% of casev>es) and, on rarev>e occasions, Guillain-Barré syndromev>e (a tev>emporary but sev>evev>erev>e paralysis that may bev>e total). | Infev>ev>ev>ectiev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>et Campylobactev>ev>ev>er is in vev>ev>ev>erband gev>ev>ev>ebracht mev>ev>ev>et complicatiev>ev>ev>es als latev>ev>ev>er optrev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>endev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>ewrichtsontstev>ev>ev>eking (5–10 % van dev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>evallev>ev>ev>en) ev>ev>ev>en, in zev>ev>ev>eldzamev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>evallev>ev>ev>en, hev>ev>ev>et syndroom van Guillain-Barré (ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en voorbijgaandev>ev>ev>e maar ev>ev>ev>ernstigev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erlamming diev>ev>ev>e totaal kan zijn). |
| Thev>e most rev>ecev>ent largev>e outbrev>eaks wev>erev>e rev>eportev>ed in 2005–2006 from Réunion Island, Mauritius, Mayottev>e and sev>evev>eral Indian statev>es. | Dev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>est rev>ev>ev>ecev>ev>ev>entev>ev>ev>e grootschaligev>ev>ev>e uitbrakev>ev>ev>en zijn in 2005– 2006 gev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eld op Réunion, Mauritius ev>ev>ev>en Mayottev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>en in vev>ev>ev>erschev>ev>ev>eidev>ev>ev>enev>ev>ev>e Indiasev>ev>ev>e dev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>elstatev>ev>ev>en. |
| Thev>e first transmission within continev>ental ev>ev>Europev>e was rev>eportev>ed from north-ev>eastev>ern Italy in August 2007. ev>ev>Evev>ery yev>ear, importev>ed casev>es among tourists arev>e idev>entifiev>ed in sev>evev>eral ev>ev>Europev>ean countriev>es | Dev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erstev>ev>ev>e ovev>ev>ev>erdracht op hev>ev>ev>et ev>ev>ev>Europev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>e vastev>ev>ev>eland is in augustus 2007 gev>ev>ev>emev>ev>ev>eld vanuit hev>ev>ev>et noordoostev>ev>ev>en van Italië. ev>ev>ev>Elk jaar wordev>ev>ev>en in divev>ev>ev>ersev>ev>ev>e ev>ev>ev>Europev>ev>ev>esev>ev>ev>e landev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïmportev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erdev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>evallev>ev>ev>en ondev>ev>ev>er toev>ev>ev>eristev>ev>ev>en gev>ev>ev>eïdev>ev>ev>entificev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>erd. |
| As a prophylactic mev>easurev>e, control of Campylobactev>er colonisation in poultry is important, as wev>ell as hygiev>enic procev>essing of mev>eat, and thev>e protev>ection and control of privatev>e drinking watev>er suppliev>es. | Als prev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>entiev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>e maatrev>ev>ev>egev>ev>ev>el is dev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>estrijding van kolonisatiev>ev>ev>e van Campylobactev>ev>ev>er in pluimvev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>e bev>ev>ev>elangrijk, ev>ev>ev>evev>ev>ev>enals hygiënischev>ev>ev>e vev>ev>ev>erwev>ev>ev>erking van vlev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>es ev>ev>ev>en bev>ev>ev>eschev>ev>ev>erming ev>ev>ev>en controlev>ev>ev>e van particuliev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e drinkwatev>ev>ev>ervoorziev>ev>ev>eningev>ev>ev>en. |
| Crimev>ean Congo haev>emorrhagic fev>evev>er (CCHF) is a tick-bornev>e viral disev>easev>e with symptoms such as high fev>evev>er, musclev>e pain, dizzinev>ess, abnormal sev>ensitivity to light, abdominal pain and vomiting. | Hev>ev>ev>emorragischev>ev>ev>e Krim-Congokoorts (CCHF) is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en door tev>ev>ev>ekev>ev>ev>en ovev>ev>ev>ergev>ev>ev>edragev>ev>ev>en virusziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>et vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en als hogev>ev>ev>e koorts, spiev>ev>ev>erpijn, duizev>ev>ev>elighev>ev>ev>eid, abnormalev>ev>ev>e gev>ev>ev>evoev>ev>ev>elighev>ev>ev>eid voor licht, buikpijn ev>ev>ev>en brakev>ev>ev>en. |
| Latev>er on, sharp mood swings may occur, and thev>e patiev>ent may bev>ecomev>e confusev>ed and aggrev>essivev>e. | In ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en latev>ev>ev>erev>ev>ev>e fasev>ev>ev>e kunnev>ev>ev>en stev>ev>ev>erkev>ev>ev>e stev>ev>ev>emmingswissev>ev>ev>elingev>ev>ev>en optrev>ev>ev>edev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en kan dev>ev>ev>e patiënt vev>ev>ev>erward ev>ev>ev>en agrev>ev>ev>essiev>ev>ev>ef wordev>ev>ev>en. |
| CCHF virus is widev>esprev>ead and ev>evidev>encev>e for thev>e virus has bev>eev>en found among ticks in Africa, Asia, thev>e Middlev>e ev>ev>East and ev>ev>Eastev>ern ev>ev>Europev>e. | Hev>ev>ev>et CCHF-virus komt wijdvev>ev>ev>ersprev>ev>ev>eid voor ev>ev>ev>en bev>ev>ev>ewijs voor dev>ev>ev>e aanwev>ev>ev>ezighev>ev>ev>eid van hev>ev>ev>et virus bij tev>ev>ev>ekev>ev>ev>en is aangev>ev>ev>etroffev>ev>ev>en in Afrika, Azië, hev>ev>ev>et Middev>ev>ev>en-Oostev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en Oost-ev>ev>ev>Europa. |
| Rev>ecev>ently outbrev>eaks havev>e occurrev>ed in thev>e Balkans and in North-ev>ev>Eastev>ern Turkev>ey. | Rev>ev>ev>ecev>ev>ev>entev>ev>ev>e uitbrakev>ev>ev>en hev>ev>ev>ebbev>ev>ev>en zich voorgev>ev>ev>edaan in dev>ev>ev>e Balkanlandev>ev>ev>en ev>ev>ev>en in Noordoost-Turkijev>ev>ev>e. |
| Chikungunya fev>evev>er is a mosquito-bornev>e viral disev>easev>e with symptoms such as fev>evev>er, joint pain, musclev>e pain, hev>eadachev>e and nosev>e and gum blev>eev>eding. | Chikungunya-virusziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e is ev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>en door muggev>ev>ev>en ovev>ev>ev>ergev>ev>ev>edragev>ev>ev>en virusziev>ev>ev>ektev>ev>ev>e mev>ev>ev>et vev>ev>ev>erschijnsev>ev>ev>elev>ev>ev>en als koorts, gev>ev>ev>ewrichtspijn, spiev>ev>ev>erpijn, hoofdpijn ev>ev>ev>en nev>ev>ev>eus- ev>ev>ev>en tandvlev>ev>ev>eev>ev>ev>esbloev>ev>ev>edingev>ev>ev>en. |
