| Source | Target | | It is an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> infection associated with serious disease, persistently high costs of treatment an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d care, significan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>t number of deaths an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d shortened life expectan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>cy. | Het is een infectie die gepaard gaat met ernstige ziekte, blijvend hoge kosten voor behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling en zorg, een aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>zienlijk aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tal sterfgevallen en een kortere levensverwachting. |
| HIV is a virus, which attacks the immune system an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d causes a lifelong severe illness with a long incubation period. | Hiv is een virus dat het afweersysteem aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>valt en een levenslan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ge ernstige ziekte veroorzaakt met een lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ge incubatietijd. |
| HIV is spread by sexual contact with an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> infected person, by sharing needles or syringes (primarily for drug injection) with someone who is infected, or, less commonly (an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d now very rarely in countries where blood is screened for HIV an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibodies), through tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>sfusions of infected blood or blood clotting factors. | Hiv wordt verspreid via seksueel contact met een geïnfecteerde persoon, door het delen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> naalden of injectiespuiten (voornamelijk voor het injecteren van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> drugs) met een geïnfecteerde persoon of – minder vaak (en in lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>den waar bloed op hiv-an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tilichamen wordt getest inmiddels zeer zelden) – via tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>sfusies met geïnfecteerd bloed of geïnfecteerde bloedstollingsfactoren. |
| Effective combination therapies, introduced in the mid-1990s an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d widely used in industrialised countries, have had a profound effect on the course of HIV infection, improving the quality of life an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d delaying the onset of AIDS an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d death in HIV-infected individuals. | De effectieve combinatiebehan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>delingen die halverwege de jaren negentig zijn geïntroduceerd, worden in de geïndustrialiseerde lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>den op grote schaal toegepast. Ze hebben een enorm effect op het beloop van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> een hiv-infectie, verbeteren de kwaliteit van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> leven en vertragen de eerste verschijnselen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> aids en het overlijden van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> met hiv geïnfecteerde personen. |
| However, intoleran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ce to side effects an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d appearan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ce of resistan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>t strains remain causes for concern. | Onverdraagbare bijwerkingen en het verschijnen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> resistente stammen blijven echter bronnen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> zorg. |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>timicrobial resistan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ce | an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>timicrobiële resistentie |
| Since their discovery, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics have revolutionised the way we treat patients with bacterial infections an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d have contributed to reducing the mortality an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d morbidity from bacterial diseases. | Sinds hun ontdekking hebben an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica een revolutie teweeggebracht in de man class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ier waarop we patiënten met bacteriële infecties behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>delen en hebben ze bijgedragen aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> het terugdringen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> mortaliteit en morbiditeit als gevolg van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> bacteriële ziekten. |
| They are also an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> essential tool for modern medicine an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d common procedures such as tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>splan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ts, chemotherapy for can class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>cer an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d even orthopaedic surgery could not be performed without the availability of potent an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics. | Ze zijn ook een onmisbaar instrument voor de moderne geneeskunde: algemeen toegepaste procedures als tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>splan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>taties, chemotherapie bij kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ker en zelfs orthopedische chirurgie zouden niet kunnen worden uitgevoerd zonder de beschikbaarheid van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> krachtige an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica. |
| Unfortunately an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics have also been liable to misuse. | Helaas worden an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica ook ten onrechte gebruikt. |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics are often unnecessarily prescribed for viral infections, against which they have no effect. | Zo worden ze dikwijls nodeloos voorgeschreven voor virusinfecties, waartegen ze niet werken. |
| Similarly when diagnoses are not accurately made, more often than class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> not, broad-spectrum an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics, i.e. an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics that kill a large proportion of various bacteria an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d not only the bacteria responsible for the disease, are prescribed because the micro-organ class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ism responsible for the infection is not known. | Ook wan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>neer er geen nauwkeurige diagnose wordt gesteld omdat niet bekend is welk micro-organ class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>isme de infectie veroorzaakt, worden vaker wel dan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> geen breedspectruman class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica voorgeschreven, d.w.z. an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica die een groot deel van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de diverse bacteriën doden en niet alleen de voor de ziekte veran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>twoordelijke bacteriën. |
| These examples of misuse promote the emergence an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the selection of resistan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>t bacteria. | Dergelijke voorbeelden van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> misbruik bevorderen het verschijnen en de selectie van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> resistente bacteriën. |
| Considering the mechan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>isms behind the emergence of AMR, the strategy to fight it is rather straightforward: | Gezien de mechan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ismen achter het optreden van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>timicrobiële resistentie, is de strategie om deze te bestrijden nogal simpel: |
| - use less an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotics, i.e. only when they are needed to treat patients; | - minder an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotica gebruiken, d.w.z. alleen wan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>neer deze nodig zijn om patiënten te behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>delen; |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>thrax | Miltvuur (an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>trax) |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>thrax is a zoonotic disease (could be tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>sferred from an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals to human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s) caused by the spore-producing bacterium Bacillus an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>thracis. | Miltvuur is een zoönose (infectieziekte die van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> dier op mens kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> overgaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>) die wordt veroorzaakt door de sporenvormende bacterie Bacillus an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>thracis. |
| Reservoirs are grass-eating an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the spores can class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> survive in the environment for decades. | Grasetende dieren zijn het reservoir en de sporen kunnen tientallen jaren in het milieu overleven. |
| The disease is endemic in several regions of the world, including southern an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d eastern Europe. | De ziekte is in verschillende regio's van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de wereld endemisch (inheems), onder meer in Zuid- en Oost-Europa. |
| Human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s may acquire the infection after exposure to spores, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d symptoms appear one to seven days (up to 60 days) later. | Mensen kunnen geïnfecteerd raken na blootstelling aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> sporen en de verschijnselen treden een tot zeven dagen (tot wel 60 dagen) later op. |
| Clinical presentations include skin an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>thrax, lung an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>thrax, (with 75% death rate) an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d gastrointestinal forms (that may progress to blood infection an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d death). | Klinische presentaties zijn onder meer huidmiltvuur, longmiltvuur (met een sterftecijfer van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> 75 %) en darmmiltvuur (dat kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> leiden tot bloedvergiftiging en overlijden). |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotic treatment is effective if given at an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> early stage. | Behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling met een an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibioticum is effectief als dit in een vroeg stadium wordt toegepast. |
| Vaccination of exposed an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s is required. | Vaccinatie van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> blootgestelde dieren en mensen is noodzakelijk. |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>thrax-related bioterrorist threats have been investigated in Europe. | In Europa zijn aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>trax gerelateerde bioterroristische dreigingen onderzocht. |
| The agent was not confirmed, but a preparedness an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d response programme for attacks by biological an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d chemical agents (BICHAT) was developed in 2002 by the European class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> Commission. | Aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>wezigheid van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de ziekteverwekker werd niet bevestigd, maar in 2002 heeft de Europese Commissie een programma ontwikkeld voor paraatheid en maatregelen in geval van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>slagen met biologische en chemische stoffen (BICHAT). |
| Influenza is an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> acute infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus which occurs in three types: | Griep (influenza) is een acute infectieziekte van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de luchtwegen veroorzaakt door het influenzavirus die drie typen kent: |
| These are divided into those of high an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d low pathogenicity according to the severity of infection in birds. | Deze zijn onderverdeeld in virussen met een hoog en virussen met een laag ziekteverwekkend vermogen, naargelan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>g van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de ernst van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de infectie bij vogels. |
| Since 1997 a new an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d more deadly strain of highly pathogenic avian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> influenza virus (A/H5N1) has appeared in domestic poultry an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s, initially in southern China where the first human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>-to-human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>smission took place. | Sinds 1997 is er een nieuwe en dodelijker stam van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> het zeer ziekmakende aviaire-influenzavirus (A/H5N1) opgedoken onder pluimvee en mensen, voor het eerst in zuidelijk China, waar de eerste overdracht van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> mens op mens plaatsvond. |
| After 2003, influenza A/H5N1 appeared in man class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>y Asian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> countries causing huge outbreaks in birds an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d a small number of severe human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> infections, almost entirely among people with close contacts with domestic poultry. | Na 2003 verscheen influenza A/H5N1 in een groot aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tal Aziatische lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>den, waar enorme uitbraken onder vogels en een klein aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tal ernstige infecties bij de mens optraden, vrijwel uitsluitend bij mensen die direct met pluimvee in aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>raking kwamen. |
| This A/H5N1 group has shown itself to be unusually stable for an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> avian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> influenza strain an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d has spread among birds in two waves, the second of which took it out of south an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d south-east Asia to Europe an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d Africa through migratory birds an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d trade. | Deze A/H5N1-groep blijkt ongewoon stabiel voor een aviaire-influenzastam en heeft zich in twee golven onder vogels verspreid, waarvan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de tweede zich via trekvogels en han class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>delsverkeer heeft verplaatst van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> Zuidoost-Azië naar Europa en Afrika. |
| However, there is generally no tran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>smission from one human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> to an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>other. | In het algemeen is er echter geen sprake van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> overdracht van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> mens op mens. |
| Food botulism is the dominating form of the disease, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d paralytic symptoms generally appear after an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> incubation period of 12–36 hours (up to several days) after consumption of the toxin-containing food. | Voedselbotulisme is de meest voorkomende vorm van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de ziekte. Na een incubatietijd van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> 12–36 uur (tot wel enkele dagen) na de inname van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> gifbevattend voedsel doen zich in het algemeen verlammingsverschijnselen voor. |
| The symptoms may be very severe, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d require intensive-care treatment an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the administration of an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ti-toxin. | De verschijnselen kunnen zeer ernstig zijn en maken behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling op een intensivecareafdeling en toediening van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> een tegengif noodzakelijk. |
| Even where these are available, between 5 an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d 10 % of the patients die. | Zelfs waar deze maatregelen voorhan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>den zijn, overlijdt 5 tot 10 % van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de patiënten. |
| Brucellosis is an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> infection caused by Brucella bacteria. | Brucellose is een infectie die wordt veroorzaakt door bacteriën uit het geslacht Brucella. |
| The common reservoirs for Brucella bacteria that may infect human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s are cattle, dogs, sheep, goats, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d pigs. | De gebruikelijke reservoirs voor Brucella -bacteriën die de mens kunnen infecteren, zijn rundvee, honden, schapen, geiten en varkens. |
| Human class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s become infected by direct or indirect contact with an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals or with contaminated an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imal products (including unpasteurised milk an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d dairy products) or by the inhalation of aerosols. | Mensen raken geïnfecteerd door direct of indirect contact met dieren of besmette dierlijke producten (waaronder niet-gepasteuriseerde melk en zuivelproducten), of door inademing van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> in de lucht zwevende deeltjes. |
| After an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> incubation period of five to 60 days, symptoms may appear either acutely or insidiously. | Na een incubatietijd van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> 5 tot 60 dagen kunnen er acuut of geleidelijk verschijnselen optreden. |
| The various symptoms are both general (fever, weakness, joint pain) an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d organ class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>-specific (including infections in the brain infection an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d heart valves). | De diverse verschijnselen variëren van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> algemeen (koorts, zwakte, gewrichtspijn) tot orgaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>specifiek (waaronder infecties in de hersenen en van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de hartkleppen). |
| Prolonged an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotic treatment is usually effective. | Doorgaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>s is lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>gdurige behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling met een an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibioticum effectief. |
| Control measures include an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imal vaccination an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d/or test-an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d-slaughter of infected an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals, as well as pasteurisation of milk an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d dairy products. | Bestrijdingsmaatregelen zijn onder meer vaccinatie van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> dieren en/of testen en afmaken van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> geïnfecteerde dieren, en pasteurisatie van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> melk en zuivelproducten. |
| Campylobacteriosis is a diarrhoeal disease caused by Campylobacter bacteria, found in an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals such as poultry, cattle, pigs, wild birds an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d wild mammals. | Campylobacteriose is een met diarree gepaard gaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>de ziekte die wordt veroorzaakt door bacteriën van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> het geslacht Campylobacter. Deze bacteriën komen voor bij dieren als pluimvee, rundvee, varkens, wilde vogels en wilde zoogdieren. |
| Other risk factors include swimming in natural surface-waters an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d direct contact with infected an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>imals. | an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>dere risicofactoren zijn onder meer zwemmen in natuurlijk oppervlaktewater en rechtstreeks contact met geïnfecteerde dieren. |
| After an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> incubation period of 2–5 days (ran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>ge 1–10 days) common symptoms are severe abdominal pain, watery an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d/or bloody diarrhoea an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d fever. | Na een incubatietijd van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> 2–5 dagen (spreiding van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> 1–10 dagen) zijn de gebruikelijke verschijnselen hevige buikpijn, waterige en/of bloederige diarree en koorts. |
| Chikungunya is present in parts of Africa, Southeast Asia an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d on the Indian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> subcontinent. | Chikungunya komt voor in delen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> Afrika, in Zuidoost-Azië en op het Indiase subcontinent. |
| Usually, symptoms last for a few days an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the disease is self-limiting but occasionally they will persist an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d result in hospitalisation. | Gewoonlijk houden de verschijnselen enkele dagen aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> en verdwijnt de ziekte van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>zelf, maar zo nu en dan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> houden de verschijnselen lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>ger aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> waardoor ziekenhuisopname noodzakelijk wordt. |
| an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>timicrobial therapy is seldom needed. | an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>Anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>timicrobiële behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling is zelden noodzakelijk. |
| Campylobacter infection has been associated with complications such as later joint inflammation (5–10% of cases) an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d, on rare occasions, Guillain-Barré syndrome (a temporary but severe paralysis that may be total). | Infectie met Campylobacter is in verban class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>d gebracht met complicaties als later optredende gewrichtsontsteking (5–10 % van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de gevallen) en, in zeldzame gevallen, het syndroom van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> Guillain-Barré (een voorbijgaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>de maar ernstige verlamming die totaal kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> zijn). |
| The most recent large outbreaks were reported in 2005–2006 from Réunion Islan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d, Mauritius, Mayotte an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d several Indian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> states. | De meest recente grootschalige uitbraken zijn in 2005– 2006 gemeld op Réunion, Mauritius en Mayotte en in verscheidene Indiase deelstaten. |
| As a prophylactic measure, control of Campylobacter colonisation in poultry is importan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>t, as well as hygienic processing of meat, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the protection an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d control of private drinking water supplies. | Als preventieve maatregel is de bestrijding van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> kolonisatie van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> Campylobacter in pluimvee belan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>grijk, evenals hygiënische verwerking van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> vlees en bescherming en controle van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> particuliere drinkwatervoorzieningen. |
| Crimean class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease with symptoms such as high fever, muscle pain, dizziness, abnormal sensitivity to light, abdominal pain an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d vomiting. | Hemorragische Krim-Congokoorts (CCHF) is een door teken overgedragen virusziekte met verschijnselen als hoge koorts, spierpijn, duizeligheid, abnormale gevoeligheid voor licht, buikpijn en braken. |
| Later on, sharp mood swings may occur, an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d the patient may become confused an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d aggressive. | In een latere fase kunnen sterke stemmingswisselingen optreden en kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> de patiënt verward en agressief worden. |
| CCHF virus is widespread an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d evidence for the virus has been found among ticks in Africa, Asia, the Middle East an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d Eastern Europe. | Het CCHF-virus komt wijdverspreid voor en bewijs voor de aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>wezigheid van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> het virus bij teken is aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>getroffen in Afrika, Azië, het Midden-Oosten en Oost-Europa. |
| Recently outbreaks have occurred in the Balkan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>s an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d in North-Eastern Turkey. | Recente uitbraken hebben zich voorgedaan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> in de Balkan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>lan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>den en in Noordoost-Turkije. |
| Chikungunya fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease with symptoms such as fever, joint pain, muscle pain, headache an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d nose an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d gum bleeding. | Chikungunya-virusziekte is een door muggen overgedragen virusziekte met verschijnselen als koorts, gewrichtspijn, spierpijn, hoofdpijn en neus- en tan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>dvleesbloedingen. |
| Chikungunya is present in parts of Africa, Southeast Asia an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d on the Indian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> sub-continent. | Chikungunya komt voor in delen van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> Afrika, Zuidoost-Azië en op het Indiase subcontinent. |
| Recent an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d very large outbreaks have been reported from La Réunion, Mauritius, Mayotte an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d several Indian class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> states. | Recente en zeer grootschalige uitbraken zijn gemeld op La Réunion, Mauritius, Mayotte en in verscheidene Indiase staten. |
| They are due to Chlamydia trachomatis causing uro-genital disease an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d “lymphogran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>uloma venereum” (LGV), a systemic disease with swollen lymph nodes in the groin. | Ze worden veroorzaakt door Chlamydia trachomatis die een urogenitale aan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>doening en "lymphogran class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>uloma venereum" (LGV), een systemische ziekte met opgezette lymfeklieren in de lies, veroorzaakt. |
| The incubation period of chlamydia STIs is between two an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d three weeks. | De incubatietijd van class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> seksueel overdraagbare chlamydia-infecties bedraagt twee tot drie weken. |
| Chlamydia trachomatis responds promptly to an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>tibiotic treatment. | Chlamydia trachomatis reageert onmiddellijk op an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>tibiotische behan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>>deling. |
| However, uro-genital Chlamydia infection often remain without symptoms an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>d can class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> undetected cause infertility. | Urogenitale chlamydia-infectie verloopt echter dikwijls zonder verschijnselen maar kan class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>> class=ev>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>an class=ev>anan> class=ev>an class=ev>anan>an class=ev>anan>>> wel, indien onontdekt, onvruchtbaarheid veroorzaken. |
